The electrical panel, breaker box, or distribution board is crucial for any electrical system. This vital component serves as the central hub where electricity enters the building and is distributed to various circuits throughout the premises. Understanding how the electrical panel wiring works can help homeowners and electricians ensure a safe and efficient electrical setup.
Inside the electrical panel, you’ll find a series of circuit breakers or fuses, which act as protective devices to prevent overloads and short circuits. These breakers or fuses are connected to the main power supply line, which delivers electricity from the utility company.
The main breaker controls the entire electrical supply to the building, allowing you to shut off power in case of emergencies or maintenance.
The electrical panel wiring consists of different colored wires, each with a specific purpose. The black one, known as the “hot” wire, carries the electrical current from the main breaker to the individual circuits.
Known as the neutral wire, the white one completes the electrical circuit and returns the current to the panel. The green or bare copper wire is the ground wire, providing a path for excess electricity to safely discharge into the ground.
Each circuit in the panel corresponds to a specific area or appliance in the building. For example, there may be dedicated circuits for lighting, outlets, kitchen appliances, and HVAC systems.
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